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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク British electric multiple units ： ウィキペディア英語版 British electric multiple units An electric multiple unit (EMU) is an electric train capable of operating in multiple with other EMUs that does not have a separate locomotive, typically passenger trains with accommodation in every vehicle and a driving position at each end. The term can also be used to describe a train such as the Advanced Passenger Train that was a permanent formation with a non-driving power car. two thirds of the passenger carriages in Britain are formed in EMUs. Electric railways began in Britain in 1883 and the first EMU ran on the Liverpool Overhead Railway in 1893. In the early 20th century systems were developed where all the motors on a train could be controlled by a low voltage signal from any cab. Due to problems using steam locomotives underground, the underground railways in London and Liverpool were early adopters of 600V DC electric traction and by 1907 underground railways in London and some provincial cities were running electric trains. A 6.7 kV 25 Hz overhead system was also used from 1908. After the railway companies were grouped in 1923, the Southern Railway greatly expanded the 3rd rail DC electrification, replacing some early AC electrification. Overhead lines at 1500 V DC were planned and installed just before and after the second world war. The early EMU carriages, similar to contemporaneous locomotive-hauled carriages, were constructed of wood with hinged doors with accommodation in saloons or compartments. As time went on more steel became to be used in carriage construction. After the second world war the railways were nationalised and the 25 kV 50 Hz overhead system became to be installed, eventually replacing the 1500 V DC systems. South of London, the Southern Railway 3rd rail electrification system continued to expand. ==Origins== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「British electric multiple units」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.